Technical Documentation Page

What is HTML

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the most basic building block of the Web. It defines the meaning and structure of web content HTML uses "markup" to annotate text, images, and other content for display in a Web browser. HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages. HTML describes the structure of a Web page. HTML consists of a series of elements. HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content. HTML elements label pieces of content such as "this is a heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is a link", etc.

Structure of HTML Document

The <!DOCTYPE HTML> declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document
The <HTML> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc
The <h1> element defines a large heading
The <p> element defines a paragraph

HTML Elements

An HTML element is an individual component of an HTML document. It represents semantics, or meaning. For example, the title element represents the title of the document. Most HTML elements are written with a start tag (or opening tag) and an end tag (or closing tag), with content in between. Elements can also contain attributes that defines its additional properties

HTML Tags vs. Elements

Technically, an HTML element is the collection of start tag, its attributes, an end tag and everything in between. On the other hand an HTML tag (either opening or closing) is used to mark the start or end of an element, as you can see in the above illustration. However, in common usage the terms HTML element and HTML tag are interchangeable i.e. a tag is an element is a tag. For simplicity's sake of this website, the terms "tag" and "element" are used to mean the same thing — as it will define something on your web page

HTML Elements Types

Id and Class Attributes

The HTML id attribute is used to specify a unique id for an HTML element. You cannot have more than one element with the same id in an HTML document.

The id attribute specifies a unique id for an HTML element. The value of the id attribute must be unique within the HTML document. The id attribute is used to point to a specific style declaration in a style sheet. It is also used by JavaScript to access and manipulate the element with the specific id. The syntax for id is: write a hash character (#), followed by an id name. Then, define the CSS properties within curly braces {}. In the following example we have an <h1> element that points to the id name "myHeader". This <h1> element will be styled according to the #myHeader style definition in the head section:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="myHeader">My Header</h1>
</body>
<html>

Difference Between Class and ID

The syntax for id is: write a hash character (#), followed by an id name. Then, define the CSS properties within curly braces {}. In the following example we have an element that points to the id name "myHeader". This element will be styled according to the #myHeader style definition in the head section:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<h2 class="city"Paris</h2>

Multiple elements with same class

<h2 class="city"London</h2>
<p> London is the capital of England. </p>>

Responsive Web Design

Responsive web design is about creating web pages that look good on all devices! A responsive web design will automatically adjust for different screen sizes and viewports. Responsive Web Design is about using HTML and CSS to automatically resize, hide, shrink, or enlarge, a website, to make it look good on all devices (desktops, tablets, and phones):

Setting The Viewport

To create a responsive website, add the following <meta> tag to all your web pages:

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

Responsive images are images that scale nicely to fit any browser size. Using the width Property If the CSS width property is set to 100%, the image will be responsive and scale up and down:

<img src="img_girl.jpg" style="max-width:100%;height:auto;">

The text size can be set with a "vw" unit, which means the "viewport width"

<h1 style="font-size:10vw">Hello World</h1>


            
                
                    HTML Semantic Elements
                
                
                    
                        Semantic elements=elements with a meaning.>
                    
Html <section> Element
                    Examples of where a Html <section> element can be used:
                        
                            Chapters
                            Introduction
                            News Items
                            Contact Information
                        

                
                
                
Html <article> Element
                    
 The
                    <article> element specifies independent, self-contained content. An article
                    should
                    make sense on its own, and it should be possible to distribute it independently from the rest of the
                    web
                    site. Examples of where
                    the
                    <article> element can be used:
                    

                    
                        Forum Posts
                        Blog Posts
                        User Comments
                        Product Cards
                        Newspaper articles
                    

                    

                

            

            
                
                    References
                
                
                    Sources:
                    
                        
                            W3School

                        
                        
                            TutorialRepublic